We have all seen social media videos and heard stories of individuals refusing to show their identification to law enforcement during calm or angry encounters, often citing the 4th Amendment not to comply. The requirements for presenting identification can vary...

We have all heard that "a grand jury will indict a ham sandwich" (Wachtler, 1985) refers to the belief that grand juries tend to approve prosecutors' requests for indictments overwhelmingly. This raises questions about the system's fairness and whether it...

The National Institute of Justice states, "Restorative justice is repairing harm to victims, rather than retribution for those who offended, focusing on inclusion, accountability, and the community." (NIOJ,n.d) Retribution is the oldest form of justification for punishment based on theories...

We have all likely heard the phrases "I plead the 5th" or "I don't have to talk to you," but what do they really mean? When someone pleads the "5th," they are invoking the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution,...

The drug epidemic has become a significant challenge for law enforcement as drugs have affected all communities, regardless of socioeconomic status. Traditional approaches that targeted specific areas are no longer practical as drug use has spread throughout the nation into...

The Nassau County PBA reported that suicide rates are a staggering 60% higher among law enforcement than the general population. Departments nationwide need to start being proactive and coactive at the same time in recognizing mental health and substance abuse...

The holiday season is supposed to be the happiest time of the year. Time off from school and work, holiday parties, and friends and family gatherings to ring in the New Year. According to FBI crime statistics data, warmer months...

The widespread use of social media, surveillance equipment, and personal home security systems has captured and exposed the drastic increase in index crimes nationwide. These images posted by local and national news media outlets along with multiple social media networks...

President John F. Kennedy said, “Americans are free to disagree with the law, but not to disobey it…” or do they? Cities across the nation like New Orleans, Baltimore, and Milwaukee have seen an upward trend greater than the rest...

There has been one month since the newly elected and appointed judges have finished their training while newly appointed district attorneys clean house and appoint new bureau chiefs and assistant district attorneys take over the realm. There will always be...